延性铁的化学组成主要包括碳,硅,锰,硫,磷,磷的五个常见元素.对于某些对组织和性能的特殊要求的铸件,包括少量合金元素.与普通的灰色铸铁不同,以确保含量量,以确保ductial sphetial of Praghite tagrite量,也必须是涂线的量。元素.
1. Selection principle of carbon and carbon equivalent: carbon is the basic element of ductile iron, and high carbon is conducive to graphitization. Because the influence of graphite on mechanical properties has been reduced to the lowest degree, the carbon content of ductile iron is generally high, between 3.5 and 3.9%, and 4 . 4 {. 7%和4 . 7%之间的1%。取上薄壁的上限,巨大的球形元素的残留物或妊娠不足;采取下限。在共晶点附近选择碳等效物不仅可以提高铁的流动性,而且还可以提高延性铁的增加,而且还可以提高由于改善固化过程中铸铁石墨化扩展而提高铁的自组合和收缩能力。但是,高碳含量会导致石墨漂浮。因此,延性铁中碳当量的上限是基于无石墨浮动的原理。
2, the selection principle of silicon: silicon is a strong graphitized element. In ductile iron, silicon can not only effectively reduce the white tendency and increase the amount of ferrite, but also have the effect of refining the cocrystal group and improving the℃of graphite sphere. However, silicon improves the brittleness transition temperature of cast iron (Figure 1) to reduce the impact toughness, so the silicon content should not be too high, especially when the content of manganese and phosphorus in cast iron is high, it is more necessary to strictly control the content of silicon. The amount of final silicon in ductile iron is generally 1.4- -3.0%. After selecting carbon equivalent, the principle of high carbon and low silicon enhancement is generally采用.硅的下限是基于无自由化碳化物体的原理.
3.锰的选择原理:由于延性铁中硫的含量非常低,因此不需要过多的锰来中和硫的含量,因此锰在延性铁中的作用主要反映在体内的稳定性方面,并促进了(Mn)3C的范围和范围3C {2} {2} {2} {2} {2} {2} {2} {2} {2} {2} {2} {2} {2)对延性铁{.锰的韧性的影响也会提高铁氧体义大利铁的脆温温度,增加0 . 1%乘10至12度. .,因此,乳推铁中的锰的含量通常是较低的,即使是较低的降低的,也不应超过降低的pengan sangan decngan rangan,hangan rangan rangan rangan rangan rangan rangan, 0 . 4〜0.6%。仅用于提高耐磨性的目的,仅是铁中锰和铁氧体。
4.磷的选择原理:磷是一个有害元素{.它在铸铁中的溶解度非常低,当它的含量小于0 . 05%,在矩阵中固体可溶性,对机械性{6}}的效果几乎没有影响{6} {6} {6} {6} {{6磷在公共晶体的边界上很容易区分,形成二进制,三元或复合磷共结晶,并降低铸铁.磷的韧性增加了铸铁的脆性过渡温度,从而使磷含量增加了4至4至4至4 . 5度。因此,延性铁中磷的含量越低,通常应小于0.08%。对于更重要的铸件,磷含量应小于0.05%。
5,硫的选择原理:硫是一种抗球形元件,它与镁,稀土等球形元素具有很强的亲和力
延性铁五个要素对铸造的影响
Nov 24, 2023
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